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Obstetrics and Gynaecology (0&G) is the medical speciality encompassing Obstetrics –women’s health and medicine relating to pregnancy and childbirth, and Gynaecology –health and medicine related to women and the female reproductive system. This field of medicine studies the anatomy and physiology associated with the placenta, foetus, and new-born baby, as well as the physiology related to changes and endocrinology in women’s bodies, from pre-puberty to menopause. It incorporates knowledge of genetics, pathology, haematology, microbiology, and immunology. Practice involves both medical and surgical conditions, and management of high-risk pregnancies.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology services are provided in acute/emergency, neonatal, maternity, women’s health, and outpatient settings in hospitals and private clinics. Services involve consultations, ultrasound and radiological investigation, pharmacology and other therapies, education, and clinical management of pregnancies, childbirth and other conditions affecting women’s health.

Subspecialties include: Gynaecological oncology, Maternal and fetal medicine, Reproductive medicine, and Urogynaecology, as well as other advanced practice areas.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology Jobs

Obstetricians and Gynaecologists provide consultations, diagnostic investigations, support and specialist medical services which help to manage medical conditions related to women’s health, including health and wellbeing during pregnancy and childbirth. They can perform caesareans and are skilled at handling high-risk pregnancies. They educate women about their health and provide management, treatment and prevention services for a range of conditions which affect women, such as menstrual disorders, pelvic floor prolapse, gynaecological cancers, geriatric conditions, ectopic pregnancies and other conditions relating to reproductive health, fertility, pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal care. Obstetricians and Gynaecologists provide acute care and outpatient services in hospitals and private clinics. They undertake diagnostic investigations using pathology testing or ultrasound, provide therapeutic and ongoing management of conditions, perform surgical procedures, and coordinate follow up care. At this senior level, Obstetricians and Gynaecologists provide clinical leadership, work in multi-disciplinary teams, contribute to research, and train registrars and junior doctors. They often specialise in a subspecialty area of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. To work in this field, doctors undertake foundation and core training, followed by intermediate and advanced training in O&G - this is a 7-year program which includes O&G subspecialty training (or advanced skills in an O&G clinical practice area), and leads to full MRCOG, a CCT and specialty registration with the GMC.

Gynaecological Oncologists are qualified Obstetricians/Gynaecologists who have subspecialised in Gynaecological Oncology (from ST6). They specialise in diagnosing and providing medical management and treatment of cancers and benign tumours relating to the female reproductive system. They usually see referred patients in secondary and tertiary settings. They create care plans, perform surgery, and prescribe other therapeutic interventions for patients with GO conditions such as cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, vaginal cancer, endometriosis and tumours in the pelvic area. They provide integrated, holistic and long-term care of their patients. Gynaecological Oncologists have achieved subspecialist registration with the GMC. They undertake research, lead teams, and are responsible for clinical oversight, the delivery and quality of services, and the training of junior medical staff.

Specialists in Maternal-Fetal Medicine are Obstetricians/Gynaecologists who specialise in the care of expectant mothers who are experiencing high-risk pregnancies. They provide services which involve diagnostic testing and ultrasound, genetic counselling, specialised therapies and procedures - such as minimally invasive gynaecologic surgery - and management of maternal-foetal medicine conditions such as gestational diabetes, placenta praevia or fetal anaemia. They have advanced knowledge of new-born adaptation and complications that affect the mother, foetus and neonate. They provide prenatal education, clinical care (both medical and surgical), and management of deliveries for both high and low risk pregnancies and births. They are responsible for management and patient safety on labour ward, management of referred patients in tertiary care settings, and management of emergency MFM conditions. MFM Obstetricians/Gynaecologists have completed Maternal & Fetal Medicine subspecialty training, from ST6 level, are registered subspecialists with the GMC, and provide training, and clinical and academic leadership in their field.

Specialists in Reproductive Medicine are subspecialist Obstetricians/Gynaecologists who work with women who are having difficulty conceiving and who have disorders related to reproductivity. They provide advice and treatment for a wide range of reproductive conditions, including endocrinological conditions and reproductive surgical conditions, usually in tertiary care referral centres. They can diagnose reproductive issues such as PCOS and infertility, and create treatment plans which involve egg freezing technology, IVF (in-vitro fertilisation), and other fertility treatments. These Obstetricians/Gynaecologists have undertaken subspecialty training in Reproductive Medicine (from ST6 level) and have attained subspecialist registration with the GMC. They train junior doctors and provide academic and clinical leadership in their field.

Specialist Urogynaecologists are Obstetricians/Gynaecologists who specialise in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery. They undertake investigations, and diagnose, treat and provide ongoing management of pelvic floor injuries and conditions such as UTIs, incontinence, overactive bladder, pelvic pain, and pelvic organ prolapse. They administer medication and perform surgeries which help to restore pelvic muscles, connective tissue and organ function. They provide ongoing monitoring, treatment and care, usually in tertiary care settings. These specialists are qualified Obstetricians/Gynaecologists who have undertaken further subspecialty training in Urogynaecology, have attained subspecialty registration with the GMC, and are responsible for providing training, and academic and clinical leadership in their field.

Registrars who work in Obstetrics/Gynaecology posts are undertaking specialised advanced training in Obs&Gyn and its clinical practice. They work under Obstetricians/Gynaecologists and develop technical and procedural skills, clinical expertise, and valuable work experience in the practice of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

Nurses (neonatal/obstetrics) work in maternity departments in hospitals, including critical care units such as the Special Care Nursery (SCN) and Neo-natal intensive care unit/critical care unit (NICU/NCCU). They provide family-centred and comprehensive Nursing care to patients during pregnancy, childbirth and in postnatal settings. They work in clinical, acute care, and perioperative settings, attending high-risk births and supporting the care of newborns who are preterm and may have cardiac or other surgical /medical needs. They educate and support patients and provide ROP screening of babies, and work collaboratively with Obstetricians, Paediatricians, medical specialists, midwives, patients and families. They coordinate follow-up care and connection to services, and facilitate outreach and outpatient clinics. To work in this area, Nurses are required to be registered, with some employers requesting experience in Neonatal Critical Care Units and post graduate qualifications in neonatology.

Nurses (Gynaecology/Fertility) work in gynaecology, fertility, and women’s health clinics. They provide patient education and counselling, pregnancy and STI testing, contraception, cervical screening and other Nursing care related to managing women’s health. In fertility clinics they provide ongoing management of patient treatment cycles, including IVF, IUI and ovulation induction, and other follicle tracking and embryo transfer support. They work closely with patients and medical specialists such as Gynaecologists or Reproductive Medicine physicians.