Histopathology is a specialty of pathology, and from a group of specialties within cellular pathology, which study organs, tissues and cells in the laboratory, by macroscopic examination, and by viewing samples at the cellular level using electron or molecular technology or microscopes. It involves studies which help to determine diagnosis or prognosis, a patient’s response to medical treatment, or a cause of death. Histopathology looks at specimens from all adult organ systems, excluding the nervous system. It involves complex laboratory work, surgical pathology, autopsy and post-mortem studies, and the sampling and analysis of organs, tissues, cells and body fluids, including microscopic analysis, and immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis. Cytopathology is a subspecialty of Histopathology, which focusses on the cellular analysis of body fluids, for example, cervical smears. This field works closely with clinicians across all medical specialties and helps to inform patient care.